New York Public Library on 5th Avenue
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The park has undergone three major transformations of design since its origin as Reservoir Square in 1842 and has been put to myriad uses. Prior to its existence as a public park, the site served as a 1776 battleground for George Washington's troops as they fled British forces. Later it was a graveyard for paupers.
In 1842, when the Croton Reservoir was constructed on the land now occupied by the New York Public Library, the site behind the reservoir was designated 'Reservoir Square' and used as a public space.
The park's next transformation began in 1899 when the reservoir was demolished to make way for the New York Public Library, which opened in 1911. Architect Thomas Hastings set the basic park design with a raised terrace behind the library which connected with the front terrace and terminated in two stone park houses.
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